Bitcoin wikipedia italiano rnaclean
Bitcoin is a digital asset designed by its inventor, Satoshi Nakamoto, to work as a currency. The question whether bitcoin is a currency or not is still disputed. According to research produced by Cambridge University , there were between 2. The number of users has grown significantly since , when there were , to 1.
In , the number of merchants accepting bitcoin exceeded , Reasons for this fall include high transaction fees due to bitcoin's scalability issues, long transaction times and a rise in value making consumers unwilling to spend it. Merchants accepting bitcoin ordinarily use the services of bitcoin payment service providers such as BitPay or Coinbase. When a customer pays in bitcoin, the payment service provider accepts the bitcoin on behalf of the merchant, converts it to the local currency, and sends the obtained amount to merchant's bank account, charging a fee for the service.
Bitcoins can be bought on digital currency exchanges. According to Tony Gallippi , a co-founder of BitPay , "banks are scared to deal with bitcoin companies, even if they really want to".
In a report, Bank of America Merrill Lynch stated that "we believe bitcoin can become a major means of payment for e-commerce and may emerge as a serious competitor to traditional money-transfer providers. Plans were announced to include a bitcoin futures option on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in Some Argentinians have bought bitcoins to protect their savings against high inflation or the possibility that governments could confiscate savings accounts.
The Winklevoss twins have invested into bitcoins. Other methods of investment are bitcoin funds. The first regulated bitcoin fund was established in Jersey in July and approved by the Jersey Financial Services Commission.
Forbes named bitcoin the best investment of The price of bitcoins has gone through various cycles of appreciation and depreciation referred to by some as bubbles and busts.
According to Mark T. Various journalists, [79] [] economists, [] [] and the central bank of Estonia [] have voiced concerns that bitcoin is a Ponzi scheme. In , Eric Posner , a law professor at the University of Chicago, stated that "a real Ponzi scheme takes fraud; bitcoin, by contrast, seems more like a collective delusion.
Zero Hedge claimed that the same day Dimon made his statement, JP Morgan also purchased a large amount of bitcoins for its clients. You can have cryptodollars in yen and stuff like that. Bitcoin has been labelled a speculative bubble by many including former Fed Chairman Alan Greenspan [] and economist John Quiggin. Lee, in a piece for The Washington Post pointed out that the observed cycles of appreciation and depreciation don't correspond to the definition of speculative bubble.
It's a mirage, basically. Because of bitcoin's decentralized nature, nation-states cannot shut down the network or alter its technical rules. While some countries have explicitly allowed its use and trade, others have banned or restricted it. Regulations and bans that apply to bitcoin probably extend to similar cryptocurrency systems.
Bitcoin has been criticized for the amounts of electricity consumed by mining. As of , The Economist estimated that even if all miners used modern facilities, the combined electricity consumption would be To lower the costs, bitcoin miners have set up in places like Iceland where geothermal energy is cheap and cooling Arctic air is free. The use of bitcoin by criminals has attracted the attention of financial regulators, legislative bodies, law enforcement, and the media.
Senate held a hearing on virtual currencies in November Several news outlets have asserted that the popularity of bitcoins hinges on the ability to use them to purchase illegal goods. It will cover studies of cryptocurrencies and related technologies, and is published by the University of Pittsburgh.
Authors are also asked to include a personal bitcoin address in the first page of their papers. The documentary film, The Rise and Rise of Bitcoin late , features interviews with people who use bitcoin, such as a computer programmer and a drug dealer.
In Charles Stross ' science fiction novel, Neptune's Brood , "bitcoin" a modified version is used as the universal interstellar payment system. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For a broader coverage related to this topic, see Blockchain. For a broader coverage related to this topic, see Cryptocurrency wallet. Legality of bitcoin by country or territory.
Cryptography portal Business and economics portal Free and open-source software portal Internet portal Numismatics portal. The timestamp of the block is This block is unlike all other blocks in that it doesn't have a previous block to reference.
The fact is that gold miners are rewarded for producing gold, while bitcoin miners are not rewarded for producing bitcoins; they are rewarded for their record-keeping services. Archived from the original on 7 August Retrieved 25 May Archived from the original on 20 June Retrieved 20 June Archived from the original on 20 January Retrieved 30 September Archived PDF from the original on 20 March Retrieved 28 April Financial Crimes Enforcement Network.
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Is It Bitcoin, or bitcoin? The Orthography of the Cryptography". Archived from the original on 19 April Retrieved 21 April The Chronicle of Higher Education chronicle. Archived from the original on 16 April Retrieved 19 April Archived from the original on 5 January Retrieved 28 January Retrieved 2 November Archived from the original on 27 October Archived from the original on 2 November Archived from the original on 18 June Retrieved 23 April Archived PDF from the original on 14 October Retrieved 26 August Archived from the original on 11 October Retrieved 11 October Archived from the original on 21 July Archived from the original on 26 March Retrieved 13 October Archived from the original on 15 October And the Future of Money.
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Archived from the original on 12 October Retrieved 17 November Archived from the original on 3 April Retrieved 2 April Archived from the original on 12 March Retrieved 13 March Your Keys, Your Bitcoin. Retrieved 16 February Archived from the original on 10 January Retrieved 10 January Retrieved 17 February Turku University of Applied Sciences. Archived PDF from the original on 18 January Retrieved 8 January Archived from the original on 30 June Archived from the original on 9 November Archived from the original on 28 April Archived from the original on 1 January Retrieved 10 October Archived from the original on 16 June Retrieved 20 September Archived from the original on 31 December Retrieved 30 December The network's 'nodes' — users running the bitcoin software on their computers — collectively check the integrity of other nodes to ensure that no one spends the same coins twice.
All transactions are published on a shared public ledger, called the 'blockchain'. Archived from the original on 10 October Archived from the original on 5 December Retrieved 25 January Archived from the original on 9 February Archived from the original on 10 August Retrieved 23 February Privacy-preserving proofs of solvency for Bitcoin exchanges" PDF.
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Archived from the original on 14 October Retrieved 6 May A type of digital cash, bitcoins were invented in and can be sent directly to anyone, anywhere in the world. The integrity and the chronological order of the block chain are enforced with cryptography. A transaction is a transfer of value between Bitcoin wallets that gets included in the block chain. Bitcoin wallets keep a secret piece of data called a private key or seed, which is used to sign transactions, providing a mathematical proof that they have come from the owner of the wallet.
The signature also prevents the transaction from being altered by anybody once it has been issued. All transactions are broadcast between users and usually begin to be confirmed by the network in the following 10 minutes, through a process called mining.
Mining is a distributed consensus system that is used to confirm waiting transactions by including them in the block chain. It enforces a chronological order in the block chain, protects the neutrality of the network, and allows different computers to agree on the state of the system. To be confirmed, transactions must be packed in a block that fits very strict cryptographic rules that will be verified by the network. These rules prevent previous blocks from being modified because doing so would invalidate all following blocks.
Mining also creates the equivalent of a competitive lottery that prevents any individual from easily adding new blocks consecutively in the block chain.
This way, no individuals can control what is included in the block chain or replace parts of the block chain to roll back their own spends. This is only a very short and concise summary of the system.
If you want to get into the details, you can read the original paper that describes the system's design, read the developer documentation , and explore the Bitcoin wiki. How does Bitcoin work?