Music blockchain unconfirmed transaction
Address Endpoint curl https: For more info about this figure, check the Confidence Factor documentation. This ensures paging by block height never misses TXRefs.
Defaults to , maximum is For more detail on confidence, check the Confidence Factor documentation. Address Full Endpoint curl https: This ensures paging by block height never misses TXs.
Defaults to 10, maximum is List Wallets Endpoint curl https: Get Wallet Endpoint normal wallet curl https: GetHDWallet "bob" if err! Get Wallet Addresses Endpoint normal wallet curl https: GetAddrHDWallet "bob" , nil if err! Only valid on HD wallets. GenAddrWallet "alice" if err! Printf "Parital HD Wallet: If not set, default is one address. If not set, address will be generated on the first chain in the HD wallet. DeleteHDWallet "bob" if err!
Transaction Hash Endpoint curl https: GetTX "faebaebccddf3cfebcdf58bd" if err! Unconfirmed Transactions Endpoint curl https: Use a third party library to create your transactions and push raw transactions Use our two-endpoint process outlined below, wherein we generate a TXSkeleton based on your input address, output address, and value to transfer.
We recommend you look at blockcypher. GenAddrKeychain addr2 , err: Faucet addr1 , 3e5 if err! SendTX skel if err! Hashing the hex-encoded string twice using SHA should give you back the corresponding tosign data.
Buffer tosign , "hex". Include duplicates as many times as they may appear: Dealing with Errors Signing and creating transactions can be one of the trickiest parts of using blockchains in your applications. We provide 2 different ways for you to control the fees included in your transactions: This will calculate and include appropriate fees for your transaction to be included in the next blocks, blocks or 7 or more blocks respectively. You can see the explicit estimates per kilobyte for these high, medium, and low ranges by calling your base resource through the Chain Endpoint.
Manually set the fee to a desired amount by setting the fees property in your TX request object. Note that a fee too low may result in an error for some transactions that would require it. These are the possible script types: PushTX "fddf3ddaaede31adcb28c73cace2fbbbb9b8c3fed6dcbafcbf9f0aafba9bb50f1efcb4cedcfbdcecb17f04f5fa1bdef33faa2ba7fa28c56a50facab96affffffffdacdcacaee1ea3f57ecedd1d09eacccadcc1af6a69bf12e90cbac" if err!
DecodeTX "fddf3ddaaede31adcb28c73cace2fbbbb9b8c3fed6dcbafcbf9f0aafba9bb50f1efcb4cedcfbdcecb17f04f5fa1bdef33faa2ba7fa28c56a50facab96affffffffdacdcacaee1ea3f57ecedd1d09eacccadcc1af6a69bf12e90cbac" if err! Transaction Propagation Endpoint curl https: The return object is described below: Attribute Type Description transaction string The hash of the transaction you queried. If no nearby city can be found, this is not returned.
Transaction Propagation WebSocket You can get a live view of unconfirmed transaction propagation analysis on Bitcoin by connecting to our Transaction Propagation WebSocket, at the following address: Microtransaction API In addition to our normal Transaction API , we offer a unique, on-chain microtransaction endpoint that makes it easy to propagate smaller, nearly-instantly guaranteed, more frequent transactions that are still publicly auditable and trusted through their existence on the blockchain.
Microtransaction Endpoint The endpoint is simple to employ, and uses a slightly pared down transaction object, appropriately called a MicroTX. In either case, you use the same endpoint. In either case, there are two options you can set: You can set it manually in the request object, useful if your source address is high-value, or you want to mitigate security risk after sending private keys. It should be used instead for security: SendMicro micro if err!
Security vs Convenience In general, sending any private key to an outside service is bad security practice. In terms of deciding whether passing private keys for microtransactions is a reasonable tradeoff, consider the following: We never log or store any private key. The use of a different change addresses is highly encouraged; in this way, leftover value from the source address gets transferred to another private key.
Regardless of the above, never pass a private key for addresses with high value. The Microtransaction API is meant for low-value transactions and low-value addresses. Our live block explorer visually shows confidence intervals on unconfirmed transactions directly. Check out a live view of bitcoin and click on one of the most recent unconfirmed transactions.
Make sure you pick a very recent transaction: How does it work? Transaction Confidence Endpoint curl https: GetTXConf "bb01beeabe16b5d59dd3edf41abbeeffffdd2a" if err! Metadata API Cryptocurrency addresses, transactions, and blocks are extremely powerful, but the labels they employ can be…cryptic. Otherwise, returns public metadata.
If not set, it defaults to false , returning public data. Otherwise, sets public metadata. If not set, it defaults to false , setting public metadata. Analytics API Blockchains contain a wealth of data, but much of it is inscrutable without arduous effort. Create an analytics job, based on the engine types listed below. Analytics Engines and Parameters The following engines can power your analytics jobs.
Get Analytics Job let's check the status of our job curl -s https: Get Analytics Job Results curl -s https: Get Asset TX Endpoint using asset id as generated above, and first txhash from list asset txs endpoint curl https: Get Asset Address Endpoint using the transfer address from above curl https: Payment Forwarding One of the well-known benefits of cryptocurrency is the ability to allow users to partake in online commerce without necessarily requiring extensive setup barriers, like registering new accounts.
While there are many possible use cases, the two we hear most about are: A way to generate payment-specific addresses for which funds will automatically transfer to a main merchant address. Great for automatic merchandise whether physical or virtual processing. List Payments Endpoint curl https: DeletePayFwd "6fbe2bfeacdcbc4d5fcc " if err! Events and Hooks Blockchains are highly transactional systems. Which Should I Use? Types of Events We support a number of different event types, and you can filter your notification requests depending on how you structure your Event request object.
The payload is an unconfirmed TX. The payload is a Block. This is equivalent to listening to the new-block event and fetching each transaction in the new Block. The payload is a confirmed TX. Sends first the unconfirmed transaction and then the transaction for each confirmation. Use the confirmations property within the Event to manually specify the number of confirmations desired maximum 10, defaults to 6.
The payload is a TX. The payload is the TX that triggered the event. If confidence is not set, defaults to 0.
To ensure transactions are not missed, even if your confidence threshold is not reached, a transaction is still sent after a minute timeout; please remember to double-check the confidence attribute in the TX payload.
Using WebHooks WebHooks leverage similar objects and interactions but with two key differences: List WebHooks Endpoint curl https: GetHook "fcc2aac-4baaee0b1d83" if err!
DeleteHook "fcc2aac-4baaee0b1d83" if err! A rolling average of the fee in satoshis paid per kilobyte for transactions to be confirmed within 1 to 2 blocks. A rolling average of the fee in satoshis paid per kilobyte for transactions to be confirmed within 3 to 6 blocks. A rolling average of the fee in satoshis paid per kilobyte for transactions to be confirmed in 7 or more blocks.
Optional The current height of the latest fork to the blockchain; when no competing blockchain fork present, not returned with endpoints that return Blockchains. Optional The hash of the latest confirmed block in the latest fork of the blockchain; when no competing blockchain fork present, not returned with endpoints that return Blockchains. All wallet watcher api requests require apikey for access. To use apikey set the Authorization header of the https request.
Use this to get balances of bitcoin addresses you are monitoring. Example Request curl -H 'Authorization: It enables you to quickly start accepting bitcoin payments on your website. To get started add your xpub into wallet watcher and also generate api key from settings. It "analyzes incoming transactions and determines if they are at particularly high risk of not being confirmed. A block explorer such as BlockCypher also offers paying customers API access to a " confidence factor " that estimates the likelihood that a transaction will be confirmed.
Under normal circumstances, this also seems to provide sufficient security. Even so, BitPay did not recognize double-spends. For example, one owner of a store for ingame items for Counterstrike reports that there have been several successful double-donations.
Subsequently, he only delivered the items after a transaction had at least one confirmation. Also SatoshiDice, the gambling site, which accepted unconfirmed transactions, was repeatedly the victim of such double-donations in It does not seem to be possible to completely eliminate the risk, but Satoshi Dice managed to keep it under control for a relatively long time so that it would not completely run out.
SatoshiDice is almost the perfect victim for double spends. There is hardly a business model that can be exploited so efficiently with successful double-donations of unconfirmed transactions. For many other business models and contexts even the advanced race attack seems to pose a negligible risk. An owner of a bar and restaurant reports that unconfirmed transactions work well for him: In addition, the cost of a double-donation is too high, and the yield too low, as people forget their fundamental honesty.
In two years, when we accept unconfirmed Bitcoin transactions, we had thawing transactions, but no double-donation. In other words, unconfirmed transactions are percent safe for us. For Bitcoin ATMs, however, unconfirmed transactions are not secure enough. According to a FAQ , some machines allowed the sale of smaller amounts of Bitcoin against unconfirmed transactions that are checked by BlockCyphers Confidence Factor, but usually use a payout code, which only becomes active after a transaction has been confirmed.
According to Peter Todd , the operators of the machines have already lost large sums of money through double donations. It's hard to say if the vending machines accept any unconfirmed transactions today, or if they completely went down.
However, it is clear that waiting for a confirmation at full blocks and the associated often difficult predictability of the duration of confirmations leads to immense problems for the users.
Also, the exchange platform ShapeShift, which waives accounts, has previously accepted unconfirmed transactions. Thanks to Blockcypher's Confidence Factor, the platform was able to avoid serious losses. In mid, however, a hacker publicly proved that you could run Double Spends against ShapeShift and steal Altcoins.
The platform then deactivated the acceptance of unconfirmed transactions, allegedly to later safely re-enable them. You could add more double-spends to the extended race attacks. For example, the scammer could cooperate with a miner who ensures that the second transaction actually gets into a block instead of the first one. While every form of race attack is not impossible, but it can make it harder and perhaps more unlikely through good algorithms, there is absolutely nothing you can do in this case.
A miner will always be able to redirect an unconfirmed transaction to himself if it is him who puts them in a block. No distribution on the network and no charge can stop him. For example, the SatoshiDice clone BetCoin Dice end of was the victim of such an attack , which was carried out by or at least in cooperation with the then dominant mining pool GHash. But the case shows that, no matter how well you do it, you can not guarantee that unconfirmed transactions will actually arrive.
Previous examples show that there are cases where unconfirmed transactions work, and there are cases when they do not work. We have restaurant owners who say unconfirmed transactions are percent safe, and we have gambling website operators, exchanges and ATMs, for whom accepting unconfirmed transactions equates to corporate suicide. One could formulate a simple rule: Whenever the business model allows someone to enrich themselves through double-spends without risk, systematically and with highly scalable profits, it will not work.
SatoshiDice, ATMs, and ShapeShift are examples in which unconfirmed transactions with relatively high security are exploited in ways that result in massive losses SatoshiDice, now migrating to Bitcoin Cash, still accepts unconfirmed transactions is puzzling in this case. At the other end of the scale are platforms such as Reddit or Steam, which can identify the creators of the double-spends and take back the goods sold, as well as mail order companies that do not ship the goods immediately upon receipt of the payment.
You can accept unconfirmed transactions without hesitation, but you should check again later to see if it has been confirmed. Even restaurants or digital content outlets should be largely secure. If the low scores even motivate anyone to go the not-so-easy way of double-donating, the losses should be within tolerable, at worst comparable to those caused by credit card fraud.
As long as there is no way to profit systematically and automatically from the double-donations, the risk will remain manageable. An important role also plays the question of whether he makes a loss to attackers by a failed double-donation. In this way, a double-donation becomes a loss if it does not succeed with sufficient certainty.
The challenge of the shop has not been cracked yet. Replace-by-Fee is one of Peter Todd's favorite projects, which he enforced in mid, and which became standard with the latest release of Bitcoin Core. RBF means nothing more than that the advanced race attack becomes normal. It is no longer the exception that a transaction is replaced with a transaction with a higher fee, not a break from the first-seen-first rule, but a normal rule that every miner knows.
Peter Todd has been fighting for RBF since He said that he wanted to prevent this from continuing "in this very damaging direction It forces the entire ecosystem to seek better solutions. It was said that a long time RBF would completely ruin unconfirmed transactions because it established the rule in clients that one could replace them with another.
Peter Todd would, if it were, pursue a scorched earth approach: The answer to this accusation was usually that RBF is firstly "opt-in", so it is announced by a special mark of a transaction and can be so easily recognized, and secondly that unconfirmed transactions are already broken anyway. How can you destroy something that does not work anyway? In addition, RBF has the distinct advantage of allowing users to subsequently increase the fee of a transaction, which is of immense benefit when a transaction is stuck in the congestion on the blockchain.
Nevertheless, RBF is a step backwards for unconfirmed transactions. It is not a hack anymore, but a rule. Any point of acceptance that calculates its risk, that the effort to run a double-donation is too big to be dishonest, will have problems with RBF.
Also, the security scanners probably scandalous, but in reality often functioning tactics to complicate Double Spends so far by good algorithms that they are not worthwhile for cheap things, will not work with RBF. The traders and payment service providers will have no choice but to accept transactions with the RBF mark as unacknowledged.
However, as RBF is now selected by default with the latest core release and also Electrum, this should lead to chaos and further increase the user experience and error rate of unconfirmed payments. Unconfirmed transactions should not be deliberately made more insecure, but as secure as possible, depending on the context. Of course, this does not preclude Miners from choosing to replace transactions in order to pay higher fees. Since Bitcoin Cash does not intend to push the transaction volume ever to a limit anyway, no fee market is likely to arise, whereby it is also not necessary to subsequently increase the fee.
For Bitcoin itself, however, RBF makes sense. So the handling of unconfirmed transactions will end up becoming another distinguishing feature between the two cryptocurrencies. Have a nice day! Lightning Network will solve the slow transaction speed of bitcoin but the problem is when will lightning start? Yup and they have started running the 0.
Btw check out down the comment from saqibanjum it is the same as yours. Good software takes time. Also, bitcoin has been pretty fast and pretty cheap for a month already. What are you talking about? Thank you for providing us with useful information. It will be unwise not to adhere to the tips when transacting in bitcoins or any other crypto for that matter.
I don't care because I am to long in the world of cryptos and because of that I know it will go up again as it always does. So don't bother and use the moment to buy later you will be happy. Thank you for your advice, pessimistic attitude towards exchange rate change in blockchain environment will guarantee your success, once fell steady, good luck danyelk.
I have tried to make it as short as I can but the topic made it a bit long by itself. If you can write a post about the same topic and make it shorter you will see it's not easy. Some exchange need an atleast 3 confirmation before they honnor the trasaction.
Roughly that would be 45 minutes or so. You got a Want to promote your posts too? Check out the Steem Bot Tracker website for more info. If you would like to support the development of postpromoter and the bot tracker please vote for yabapmatt for witness!
Hope RBF and bitcoin end up this issue as its really very painful for the one who actually earned it. Great article Peter Todd publicly demonstrated this attack in to prove that unconfirmed transactions are fundamentally uncertain. Thank you so much for all this information. It is very useful. I did learned more today about transactions with some of the cryptocurrency. The post is very informative.
However, it is too long. And for a commoner like me it is too much technical knowledge to process, even though I am interested in reading it. Maybe you might want to consider break the post in parts so readers have time to absorb it.
Unless your target is only the techies. It's not to long I could have made it even longer for this topic you can't just write words and to split it in 3 parts posts why? This comment has been marked as SPAM, You have made over 10 similar comments in the last 10 hours, all have been self upvoted without adding any value to the discussion. View these comments here.